differential diagnosis

Last reviewed 01/2018

The differential diagnosis will vary in detail according to the particular tumour being considered, but in general should include all other causes of intracranial mass lesions:

  • vascular origin:
    • haematoma
    • giant aneurysm
    • arteriovenous malformation
    • infarction with oedema
    • venous thrombosis
    • (migraine - vascular aetiology still uncertain)
  • trauma:
    • haematoma
    • contusion
  • infection:
    • abscess
    • tuberculoma
    • sarcoidosis
    • encephalitis
  • cysts

There are several broad symptomatological clues that restrict the choice of differentials (1):

  • vascular lesions, e.g. infarction / haemorrhage, are rapid in onset, produce a substantial deficit initially, and generally improve with time

  • migraine rarely presents for the first time in adult life and may give a history of intermittent headache of duration longer than one year

  • abscesses usually have a short history from the onset of symptoms, may be secondary to an obvious penetrating focus, and can present with no systemic signs of infection

  • cysts: arachnoid cysts are not usually progressive; parasitic cysts usually have a history of geographical exposure to the infective agent.

Reference:

  • Marks, S. (1993). Diagnosis and management of intracranial tumours. Surgery. Vol.11:10, 517-522.