cerebral infarction

Last reviewed 01/2018

Cerebral infarction accounts for the majority of strokes yet is often difficult to distinguish from haemorrhage on clinical grounds.

Features suggestive of cerebral infarction include:

  • atrial fibrillation
  • history of TIAs
  • stuttering stroke
  • moderate headache
  • consciousness relatively unaffected
  • normal CSF
  • risk factors - atherosclerosis, age
  • carotid bruits
  • clinical evidence of internal carotid artery occlusion - facial pulses, retinal signs

Thrombosis and embolism are the main mechanisms. The precise effects depend upon the arterial territory affected.