common causes
Last reviewed 01/2018
Condition Clinical features Investigations
- oesophageal retrosternal pain endoscopy, spasm oesophageal manometry
- reflux retrosternal pain endoscopy, oesophagitis flatulence, barium swallow, pH dyspepsia monitoring
- peptic ulcer, epigastric pain gastroscopy, barium gastritis related to food, meal weight loss
- biliary colic severe RUQ or LFTs, US, ERCP epigastric pain
- pancreatitis severe epigastric amylase +++, US, pain radiating to CT scan abdomen the back
- irritable abdominal pain + negative bowel syndrome diarrhoea and/or investigations constipation, tenesmus, abdominal bloating
- hepatitis RUQ pain, jaundice, LFTs, US, liver lethargy biopsy, serology
- Crohn's colicky pain, barium enema, disease diarrhoea, weight loss colonoscopy
- ulcerative bloody diarrhoea sigmoidoscopy / colitis colonoscopy, barium enema with biopsy
- diverticulitis "left sided barium enema, appendicitis", WCC++ bleeding PR
- renal colic loin pain that abdominal x-ray, radiates to groin, IVU haematuria
- cystitis dysuria, suprapubic urine microscopy pain and culture
- pyelonephritis fever, loin pain, AXR, MSU, IVU +/- haematuria