aetiology

Last reviewed 01/2018

In the majority of cases of glomerulonephritis the aetiology is unknown. In a few cases however an aetiological agent can be identified, for example in post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis one can often find raised titres to antistreptolysin-O (ASO).

Known aetiological factors for glomerulonephritis include:

  • bacteria:
    • Staphylococcus spp.
    • Lancefiled group A B-haemolytic streptococci
    • Streptococcus viridans
    • Treponema pallidum

  • viruses:
    • Coxsackie virus
    • Epstein Barr virus
    • hepatitis B virus
    • measles
    • mumps

  • parasites:
    • Plasmodium malariae
    • Schistosoma spp.

  • drugs:
    • penicillamine

  • host antigens:
    • cryoglobulin
    • DNA
    • tumour antigens