diagnosis of opiate abuse
Last reviewed 01/2018
- presence of needle-marks
- presence of opiates in urine
- signs and symptoms of withdrawal (these peak after two or three days, and may mimic an upper respiratory tract infection):
- restlessness, insomnia, agitation
- yawning
- abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, vomiting
- muscle cramps, twitching
- pupillary dilation
- goose-flesh, sweating
- rhinorrhoea, lacrimation
- tachycardia
- pyrexia