haemodialysis
Last edited 10/2018
Haemodialysis is the most common treatment for end-stage renal failure. Blood is shunted through an extracorporeal circulation in which waste products and excess fluid are removed by the physical processes of diffusion and ultrafiltration.
Notes:
- home haemodialysis (HD) has the best patient outcomes (1,2) and is the most
cost-effective of any dialysis modality, but its use has been declining in
many countries
- prevalence of home HD varies from 0 to 58.4 per million population, and varies between countries, more than any other renal replacement therapy (RRT) modality
- variation cannot be explained by the variation in the use of other RRT
modalities, nor by prevalence of diabetic nephropathy, national wealth
or population density
-
according to the 19th annual report by the UK Renal Registry (2016), on 31 December 2015 there were 61,256 adults in the UK receiving RRT
- of these, 53.1% had received a transplant, 41.0% were receiving haemodialysis (21.2% in satellite units, 17.8% in hospitals, 2.0% at home), 2.5% were receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 3.4% were receiving automated peritoneal dialysis
- in addition, 769 children and young people under the age of 16 years
were receiving RRT
- most had received a transplant (41% live, 34% deceased), with 13% on haemodialysis and 12% on peritoneal dialysis
- median age of all people newly requiring RRT was 59.0 years; 22.7% of people were from minority ethnic groups
Reference:
- MacGregor MS et al. Home haemodialysis-international trends and variation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006 Jul;21(7):1934-45.
- Mowatt G et al. Systematic review of the effectiveness of home versus hospital or satellite unit hemodialysis for people with end-stage renal failure. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2004 Summer;20(3):258-68
- NICE (October 2018). Renal replacement therapy and conservative management