patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9)

Last reviewed 01/2018

The PHQ-9 is a depression assessment tool which scores each of the 9 DSM-IV criteria as '0' (not at all) to '3' (nearly every day):

  • the PHQ-9 assessment tool been validated for use in Primary Care

  • the questionnaire is designed to assess the patient's mood over the last 2 weeks:

    • over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems?

      • 1) little interest or pleasure in doing things?

      • 2) Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless?

      • 3) trouble falling or staying asleep, or sleeping too much?

      • 4) Feeling tired or having little energy?

      • 5) poor appetite or overeating?

      • 6) feeling bad about yourself - or that you are a failure or have let yourself or your family down?

      • 7) trouble concentrating on things, such as reading the newspaper or watching television?

      • 8) moving or speaking so slowly that other people could have noticed? Or the opposite - being so fidgety or restless that you have been moving around a lot more than usual?

      • 9) thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself in some way?

        • for each of the nine tested criteria there are four possible answers:

            • Not at all = 0 points
            • Several days = 1 point
            • More than half the days = 2 points
            • Nearly every day = 3 points

          • the maximum total score is 9x3 = 27 points and the patient's score is thus a score out of 27 (e.g. 16 points = 16/27)

  • depression severity is graded based on the PHQ-9 score:
      • 0-4 None
      • 5-9 mild
      • 10-14 moderate
      • 15-19 moderately severe
      • 20-27 severe

For an online version of the PHQ9 then click here