genetic factors
Last reviewed 01/2018
Genetic factors are important in the aetiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus:
- concordance rate for type 2 diabetes (NIDDM) in monozygotic twins is about 90% - much higher than for IDDM
- for siblings of patients with type 2 diabetes (NIDDM) the lifetime risk of developing the condition is approximately 40%
- there are no significant HLA associations
Susceptibilty genes identified include:
- calpain-10 on chromosome 2
Specific single gene mutations have been identified for rare familial forms of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The proportion of type 2 diabetes (NIDDM) patients with any of these mutations is between 1% & 5% (1).
Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) is classified as a form of type 2 diabetes (1).
Reference:
- 1) Nature Genetics (2000), 26, 163-75.