aetiology of respiratory distress in the newborn

Last reviewed 08/2023

There are very many potential aetiologies of respiratory distress syndrome. In this system they have been divided into aetiologies associated with the:

  • lungs
  • heart
  • thoracic cage
  • airway
  • CNS and muscle
  • metabolism

In order of frequency of presentation, the following are the most common causes of respiratory distress:

  • surfactant deficiency
  • transient tachypnoea
  • meconium aspiration
  • pneumothorax
  • congenital pneumonia
  • congenital diaphragmatic hernia
  • upper airway obstruction
  • developmental abnormalities