aetiology
Last reviewed 01/2018
The aetiology of congenital limb anomalies
The cause of half of all congential hand anomalies is unknown, but Swanson(1) has estimated that the following factors prevail:
- 60% multiple gene disorder
- 20% single gene disorder
- 10% chromosomal aberration
- 10% environmental factors
(1) Swanson AB. (1981) Congenital limb defects. Classification and treatment. CIBA Clinical Symposia 33 (3).