cardiac rupture

Last reviewed 01/2018

Cardiac rupture occurs most often as a result of infarctive damage to the myocardium (usually transmural); it may also occur as a result of trauma.

Features:

  • about 10% of patients dying in hospital following an acute myocardial infarction will have a ventricular rupture
  • more common in women (4:1)
  • most commonly affects the left ventricle around the apex at the terminal distribution of the left anterior descending artery
  • usually occurs 3-5 days following the myocardial infarct - may occur up to 3 weeks after the initial cardiac insult

The consequenses will include bleeding into the pericardium - causing cardiac tamponade, with progressively poorer cardiac function.