aetiology

Last reviewed 04/2022

The many known causes of microcephaly include:

  • familial trait
  • primary or autosomal recessive
  • congenital infection
  • birth trauma; perinatal asphyxia
  • foetal alcohol syndrome
  • chromosomal imbalance
  • maternal phenylketonuria
  • syndromes, including:
    • Cornelia de Lange
    • Brachmann de Lange
    • Smith-Lemli-Opitz
    • Rubenstein-Taybi