aetiology
Last reviewed 01/2018
The aetiology is influenced by:
- genetic factors, occasionally Mendelian, usually multifactorial inheritance
- syndromes, for example:
- oesophageal atresia and heart disease
- forearm/digit abnormalities and ASD
- chromosomal abnormalities:
- Down's: ASD, VSD, AVSD
- Turner's: coarctation
- Trisomy 18 / 13: multiple abnormalities
- drugs: phenytoin, lithium, thalidomide, warfarin
- rubella: PDA, VSD, coarctation of the aorta
- maternal systemic disease:
- SLE: causes heart block
- diabetes: causes increased incidence of structural heart disease and/or a characteristic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- maternal radiation