aetiology
Last reviewed 07/2021
The causes of toxic megacolon are either inflammatory or infectious:
- inflammatory colitis:
- ulcerative colitis
- Crohn's disease
- bacterial infections:
- Clostridium difficile pseudomembranous colitis
- Salmonella:
- typhoid
- non-typhoid
- Shigella
- Campylobacter
- Yersinia
- parasitic infections:
- Entamoeba histolytica
- Cryptosporidium
- viral infections:
- Cytomegalovirus colitis
- culture negative colitis
salmonella enterocolitis (non enteric fever)
childhood growth and inhaled steroids
osteoporosis and inhaled steroids