aetiology
Last reviewed 01/2018
Horner's syndrome is a result of central or peripheral lesions:
Central lesions:
- vascular:
- posterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion / lateral medullary syndrome
- basilar artery occlusion
- demyelinating disease - for example multiple sclerosis
- syringomyelia or syringobulbia
- tumours
- cervical cord tumours
Pre- and post- ganglionic lesions:
- apical pulmonary disease - Pancoast's syndrome
- cervical rib
- mediastinal tumour
- carotid aneurysm
- thyroid enlargement - goitre, tumour
- neck trauma - carotid arteriography, cervical sympathectomy
- cervical lymphadenopathy
- cervical sympathectomy
- brachial plexus lesions, for example Klumpke's palsy